Hydroxyapatite as an active ingredient in oral care: an international symposium report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3(OH), is a bioinspired active ingredient for preventive oral health care. The use of hydroxyapatite in the prevention of oral diseases has gained interest, particularly in recent years. Hydroxyapatite can be used in office and for daily oral care (e.g. in toothpastes and mouthwashes). The first clinical efficacy studies on caries prevention and reduction of symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity were conducted in the 1980s. These were followed by various in vitro and in situ studies and several more recent clinical trials. A number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the use of hydroxyapatite in preventing oral health problems have been published. Summarizing these data, hydroxyapatite is a versatile active ingredient with multiple benefits that include caries prevention, relief from dentin hypersensitivity and tooth whitening. Since this calcium phosphate mineral has an excellent biocompatibility, it is safe for all patient groups. This interdisciplinary review gives an overview of the developments in hydroxyapatite research, highlights the research progress made regarding hydroxyapatite as a biomimetic active ingredient and summarizes the state-of-the-art evidence in support of hydroxyapatite efficacy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".