Impact performance of 3D printed sandwich structures with speciallydesigned core geometry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Ever-increasing and higher demands in advanced engineering have drawn tremendous effort to design novel structures and materials that are lightweight, with specific multi-functional performance. Sandwich structures are a type of composite that has been available due to their great advantages including excellent energy absorption and lightweight features. The desired macroscale material properties of the sandwich structures are utilized for a variety of engineering applications including biomedical, aircraft, and vehicle components due to the lower density, higher stiffness-to-weight ratio, higher specific properties, and welldeveloped energy absorption properties. The sandwich panels contain a broad variety of structures including Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) which are commonly observed in various natural systems. TPMS-based cellular structures have drawn increasing attention due to their mathematically controlled topologies and promising mechanical properties. In this study, numerical simulation and experimental impact testing for sandwich structures with various geometry core unit cells were conducted to assess the mechanical properties of the sandwich structures. Investigating the various core geometries leads to the three types of TPMS sheet structures and three novels closed cell foam with spherical pores which were compared with a typical honeycomb structure to get the appropriate geometry for the core section of 3D-printed lightweight sandwich panels with a high capacity of energy absorption and failure mechanism. In the manufacturing process, the sandwich structures were designed and fabricated of PLA filaments using the 3D printing technique. The uniaxial tensile test was first used to characterize the polymer. A numerical simulation was developed to assess the behaviors of the sandwich structures under impacting tests, predict the influence of the core geometries of sandwich panels and compare the results with the experimental data using ANSYS software. The experimental and numerical results illustrated that the topology and geometrical parameters have significant influences on the energy absorption and failure mechanisms of meta-sandwich structures. These findings pave the way for developing a new class of lattice structures through a combination of rational design and 3D printing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".