Fluorotelomer ethoxylates cause developmental toxicity in mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances are a ubiquitous class of compounds which are considered persistent organic pollutants. Many of these compounds are unregulated and understudied but are still widely used. One group of these compounds are fluorotelomer ethoxylates, which recently emerged as compounds of interest following their recent detection in the environment. To determine the health impacts of these persistent compounds, healthy pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed to 0 ng/L (n=8), 5 ng/L (n=8), or 100 ng/L (n=7) fluorotelomer ethoxylates in drinking water throughout gestation. At gestational day 17.5 (term is 18.5 days), high-frequency ultrasound was performed to investigate the placental and fetal hemodynamic responses following exposure. Maternal exposure to fluorotelomer ethoxylates showed evidence of placental insufficiency, with a significant increase in placental weights (p<0.05), a decrease in the umbilical artery blood flow (p<0.01) and vasodilation of the cerebral circulation (p<0.01), consistent with brain sparing to preserve oxygen delivery to the brain. These results demonstrate that fluorotelomer ethoxylates cause developmental toxicity and motivate further work to evaluate the risk to human pregnancies and other vulnerable populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".