Wall-resolved large-eddy simulation of supercritical airfoil side-edgenoise
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A wall-resolved compressible large-eddy simulation and windtunnel experiments are performed on a finite-span supercitical airfoil to investigate the side-edge flow structures and noise sources.The geometry is composed of an isolated supercritical profile (2% camber, 13% thickness) with finite span.The chordwise Reynolds number is 620,000 and the free-stream Mach number is 0.09.The aerodynamic results obtained with a compressible unstructured Large Eddy Simulation solver show the development of turbulent structures from the boundary layer on the airfoil, along with the trajectory of the primary and secondary vorticies.Surface wall shear stress pathlines are compared with experimental oil-flow visualization results yielding good agreement, especially at flow impingement locations.Wall RMS pressure contours highlight the side-edge shear layer and flow impingement of the primary vortex at the pressure side edge to be important noise generation mechanisms.The Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings analogy is used to compute the far-field noise levels.The aeroacoustics simulation results are then compared to the experimental results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".