Reconfigurable SIW Phase Shifter Based on Parallel Stubs Loaded With Surface Mount p-i-n Diodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter proposes a robust approach for developing a new class of electrically reconfigurable phase shifter. This design employs via posts on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology in conjunction with surface mount p-i-n diodes. To ensure optimal performance over the intended frequency band in a space-efficient manner, the transmission line is based on an SIW, which offers superior low-loss properties. In addition, p-i-n diodes are integrated into the SIW line using transverse coplanar waveguide (CPW) stubs. The efficiency of the proposed design method and the practicality of incorporating an innovative biasing circuit on a single layer without requiring additional wire bonding layers are demonstrated in the experimental prototypes outlined in this letter. This approach facilitates a scalable and modular device design. The principle of achieving such high-quality circuits is detailed and is also confirmed by experimental and theoretical results, which are in good agreement up to at least 6 GHz, validating the design procedure and demonstrating that complex circuit functions can be achieved with relatively inexpensive compact structures. The proposed structure has potential applications in time-varying systems, communication receiving sections, and beamforming networks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".