Assessment of lower extremity venous insufficiency and lipedema and their association with knee symptoms, functions, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effects of the venous insufficiency (VI) or lipedema on the symptoms, functions, and quality of life (QoL) of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods 96 patients with stage 3/4 knee OA were included in the study. Patients were grouped as OA ( n = 35), VI + OA ( n = 35), and lipedema + OA ( n = 26). Range of motion (ROM), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), short-form (SF-36), and 6-minute walking test (6MWT) were evaluated. Results WOMAC stiffness score was significantly higher in the VI group than the other groups ( p < .05). VAS resting, WOMAC pain, function, and total scores were significantly higher in the lipedema + OA and VI + OA groups than the OA group ( p < .05). SF-36-physical role limitation was significantly lower in the lipedema and VI groups ( p < .05). Conclusion VI or lipedema accompanying knee OA increases the existing disability due to OA by negatively affecting patients regarding pain, QoL, and physical functioning.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".