Bibliographic record
Abstract
This publication is dedicated to artefacts known as cheekpieces, which are rare finds in the territory of present-day Bulgaria. The artefacts were uncovered at the Early Iron Age settlement near the village of Assenovets, at Tell Galabovo, and at the Late Bronze Age settlement near Belokopitovo. Based on parallels with similar artefacts discovered in the Carpathian-Danube region and central Europe, they have been defined as elements of horse harness. They are usually related to the domestication and riding of horses and the arrival of newcomers who were probably skilled in the making and use of chariots. This type of artefact is typical for the period after the early 2nd millennium BC, and its distribution covers a wide area including the territory between the Mediterranean and the Middle East, the Ural Mountains, the Carpathians, and also central and eastern Europe. The cheekpieces functioned as elements of the horse harness. They comprise a pair of vertical rods which were attached perpendicularly to the ‘bit’, or were integrated into ‘bit-less’ bridle forms; in either case, one fitted on each side of the horse’s head. The artefacts found at the three sites provoked interest because until now such objects have never been observed together, and so have never been analysed in detail in present-day Bulgaria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".