Adolescent Victims and Witnesses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Adolescence is a developmental window characterized by growth, change, and vulnerability in multiple domains. Several developmental characteristics of adolescence, both cognitive and socioemotional in nature, increase the likelihood adolescents will come into contact with the legal system as victims and witnesses and also shape the statements that adolescents provide in legal contexts. This chapter describes how several facets of adolescents’ cognitive (e.g., executive functioning) and socioemotional (e.g., susceptibility to peer influence) development influence their disclosures, memory, and suggestibility. It reviews the current state of knowledge concerning what is known about adolescents’ willingness to share their legally relevant experiences with others (i.e., issues related disclosure) and their ability to do so (i.e., issues related to memory and suggestibility). The chapter closes by discussing recommendations for policy and practice alongside novel or emerging issues regarding adolescents’ involvement in the legal system as victims and witnesses that warrant additional scientific inquiry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".