Competition and Cooperation: A Study of the Motivation of China-U.S. Cooperation and Conflict Management in the New Era
Bibliographic record
Abstract
At present, China and the United States are the world’s largest economies and important international political forces. China-U.S. relations are both driven by cooperation and face certain conflict challenges. On the one hand, the impetus for China-US cooperation comes from their respective economic interests and common global challenges, and China-US trade and investment cooperation has played a positive role in the economic growth and employment of the two countries. On the other hand, there are some potential conflict factors in China-US relations, such as trade friction, military competition, regional strife and other issues, which may lead to the escalation of conflict between China and the U.S. This paper aims to study the motivation of China-US cooperation in the new era as well as how to carry out effective conflict control, so as to put forward some constructive suggestions for competition and cooperation between China and the United States.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".