Synthesis, Structure, and Heat Capacity of Some Basic Hydroxohalide Glasses of Zirconium and Hafnium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work highlights the synthesis and properties of novel basic hydroxohalide glasses of zirconium and hafnium. The hydroxohalide glasses are M(OH) 4−α X α ·(n)H 2 O where M represents either zirconium or hafnium, and X represents either chloride or bromide. The chemical structure is investigated using X-ray diffraction, total scattering, and the pair distribution function method to identify the local structure and any short-range connectivity. The thermodynamic properties of the glasses are probed using low-temperature heat capacity, where a gap in the phonon density of states is discussed and related to boson peaks in the heat capacity of the glasses. These results represent the first published synthesis and thermodynamic properties of zirconium and hafnium basic hydroxohalide glasses. Synthesis methods, structural determination, and analysis of the heat capacity data allow for a comprehensive look at the makeup and unique properties of these novel glassy materials. Values of the standard thermodynamic functions C p, m °, Δ 0 T S m °, Δ 0 T H m °, and Φ m ° are also reported.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".