Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have tended to see European history, from the Renaissance onwards, as the history of progress, and that progress has seemed to be constant … But when we look deeper, how much more complex the pattern seems! And beneath the surface of an ever more sophisticated society what dark passions and inflammable credulities do we find. Hugh Trevor-Roper THE AGE OF THE ENCOUNTER Donald Trump leaned back in his chair and demonstratively folded his arms before his chest. Fixing his glaring eyes on hers, he impatiently listened to her pitch. It wasn't the first time he had heard it, nor would it be the last. He had rebuffed her petitions on countless occasions and was determined to continue to do so for as long as it would take. Yet this time, in the stately Manoir Richelieu in Charlevoix, Québec, things were different. They had used the summit to gang up on him, the gesticulating Emmanuel Macron, the softly pleading Theresa May, his boyish Canadian host Justin Trudeau and Japan's Shinzo Abe. Their aides swarmed around him like flies. They had set a diplomatic trap worthy of the great French Cardinal himself. And he had walked right into it. Worn down by their persistence, Trump bitterly signalled his assent to the summit's final communique. He had heard enough. Slowly he rose from his chair. Then he stopped, reached into his suit pocket, and nonchalantly threw two Starburst candies on the table. “Here, Angela”, he said. “Don't say I never give you anything.” He had never placed great stock in the art of losing. Hustling his way back to the safety of Airforce One, Trump regained his poise. He weighed his options, and decided to rescind his agreement after the fact. “I have instructed our US Reps not to endorse the Communique”, he tweeted, before launching another angry missive calling his host Trudeau “very weak and dishonest”. Not so bad for a day's work. It was June 2018 and over a year into Trump's presidency. For the Europeans, the G7 summit was a fiasco. Since his election in November 2016, they had fought to keep Trump inside the global club of democracies, papering over the deep fissure that had opened up across the Atlantic.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.166 | 0.081 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".