Symposium 01: Neuropsychological Outcomes Following Pediatric Stroke: Research Trends and Advances
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Abstract: Stroke is an important cause of acquired brain injury in youth and a significant source of childhood disability. Up to 80% of survivors suffer long-term neurological deficits, including impairments across a range of neuropsychological domains. An improved understanding of neuropsychological outcomes is key to optimizing clinical care, improving evaluation of prognosis, and developing effective rehabilitation and intervention strategies. The proposed symposium will begin with a literature review on neuropsychological outcomes following pediatric stroke. Next, four studies will be presented, each posing distinct and complementary research questions regarding predictors of outcomes. The roles of both clinical (e.g., lesion size, motor impairment, inflammatory response) and environmental factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, family functioning) will be explored regarding cognitive, social-emotional, and behavioral outcomes. The symposium will end with a Q&A period. Attendees will leave with an in-depth understanding of recent trends and scientific advances in research on neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric stroke, which should inform clinical practice and research directions. The first presentation examines predictors of neuropsychological outcomes following pediatric stroke. Findings have often conflicted, and more research is needed to disentangle the effects of predictors on specific domains. Explored predictors include: age at stroke; stroke subtype (hemorrhagic vs. ischemic); lesion location; lesion size; time since stroke; neurologic severity; seizure disorder; and socioeconomic status. This study examines the impact of these predictors on distinct neuropsychological domains. The next presentation addresses associations between neuropsychological outcomes and motor functioning following pediatric stroke. The development of cognitive and motor skills is interrelated and they share common neural substrates. In other populations, motor functioning predicts intellectual ability, and brain connectivity underlies this association. This study investigates associations between motor functioning and global neuropsychological outcomes in children with stroke and explores clinical features associated with motor impairments. The third presentation explores mental health outcomes. Neuropsychological deficits can hinder academic advancement and social-emotional development and may place youth at increased risk for psychological concerns. An increased focus on mental health is warranted given that psychosocial and behavioral issues are often the most concerning problems for parents and teachers. This study uses a qualitative paradigm to shed light on lived experience of youth with stroke with a focus on mental health, relationships, and social competence. The fourth presentation consists of a systematic review exploring the association between inflammatory response and neuropsychological outcome. Stroke induces an inflammation in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and high levels of inflammatory markers following stroke have been associated with poorer cognitive outcomes. This study reviews the state of research on this topic with a focus on pro-inflammatory cytokines and c-reactive protein. The symposium topics covered lie at the heart of the INS mission to study brain-behavior relationships using a multidisciplinary lens, with an emphasis on sharing and applying scientific knowledge. The symposium seeks to inform professionals working with youth with stroke about cutting-edge research, clinically applicable and novel insights, and ideas for future research directions. In this way, our symposium contributes to evidence-based care and the advancement of research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".