The associations of diet quality trajectories with cognitive frailty in community‐dwelling older adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Diet quality is an essential modifiable factor that has been associated with cognitive performance and physical function. However, few studies investigated the association of diet quality trajectories with “cognitive frailty.” This study aimed to identify specific diet quality trajectories and explore their relationship with cognitive frailty in Taiwanese community‐dwelling older adults. Method This 11‐year cohort study (2011‐2022) recruited 520 non‐demented older adults at baseline (2011‐2013). The global and domain‐specific cognition was assessed by the Taiwanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Physical frailty was assessed by a modified version of the criteria of Fried et al. The presence of both physical frailty and MCI was defined as cognitive frailty. Diet quality was assessed by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index, which includes seven components obtained from a semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify diet quality trajectories over 11 years. The generalized linear mixed model was used to explore the association of energy‐adjusted diet quality trajectories with cognitive frailty over time adjusting for important covariates. Result This study identified four diet quality trajectories: 1) worsening, 2) low‐moderate‐low, 3) moderate‐low‐moderate, and 4) still low. Compared to trajectory 4, trajectory 3 had lower odds of worsening frailty [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27, 0.85], worsening cognitive‐frailty (aOR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.92), and impaired logical memory‐frailty (aOR = 0.42‐0.53). In addition, trajectory 1 had lower odds of worsening impaired logical memory‐physical frailty (aOR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.86) compared with trajectory 4. No association was found for trajectory 2. Conclusion We found that the moderate‐low‐moderate diet quality trajectory lowers the odds of worsening frailty and cognitive frailty. Further studies on different ethnic groups will help researchers to clarify the temporal relationship between diet quality and cognitive frailty.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".