Effects of creative expression program on patients with mild cognitive impairment: based on Transcranial Doppler
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background In this study, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were treated with the creative expression program (CrExp) and assessed for changes in cognitive function, while the correlation between changes in cognitive function and cerebral hemodynamic parameters was explored based on Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound. Method We studied 35 older adults with MCI aged 60 years or older. A creative expression program (CrExp) intervention was implemented in these 35 older adults with MCI for a total of 24 intervention sessions lasting approximately 0.5‐1 hour each over 24 weeks. All participants underwent a pre‐and post‐intervention MoCA to assess and compare changes in the cognitive function of patients before and after the intervention. And their cerebral hemodynamic parameters were measured by (TCD) ultrasound after the intervention. Results After the intervention, MCI patients treated with CrExp had significantly higher cognitive function scores than before the intervention (MoCA; t = ‐2.15, P = 0.036). TCD parameter measurements showed that the mean blood flow velocity (MBFV) and the resistance index (RI) values of the vertebral artery (VA), the basilar artery (BA), and the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in MCI patients were significantly lower than the normal mean (P<0.05), while the pulsatility index (PI) values of VA and MCA were significantly higher than the normal mean(P<0.05). MBFV in MCA was positively correlated with changes in cognitive function, whereas RI was negatively correlated with changes in cognitive function(P<0.05). Conclusions This study provides evidence that the CrExp intervention is effective in improving cognitive function in patients with MCI, while transcranial Doppler ultrasound can provide an objective basis for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and can be tested by TCD ultrasound to determine the correlation between the effect of the cognitive intervention and changes in hemodynamic parameters. Keywords Mild cognitive impairment (MCI); Creative expression program intervention (CrExp); Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".