Probing neutral triple gauge couplings with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy="false">¯</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mover><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>) production at hadron colliders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study probes of neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) via ${Z}^{*}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ production with off-shell decays ${Z}^{*}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ at the LHC and the projected $pp$ (100 TeV) colliders, including both $CP$-conserving (CPC) and $CP$-violating (CPV) couplings. We present the dimension-8 Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) operators contributing to nTGCs and derive the correct form factor formulation for the doubly off-shell vertices ${Z}^{*}\ensuremath{\gamma}{V}^{*}$ ($V=Z$, $\ensuremath{\gamma}$) by matching them with the dimension-8 SMEFT operators. We include new contributions enhanced by the large off-shell momentum of ${Z}^{*}$, beyond those of the conventional $Z\ensuremath{\gamma}{V}^{*}$ vertices with on-shell $Z\ensuremath{\gamma}$. We analyze the sensitivity reaches for probing the $\mathrm{CPC}/\mathrm{CPV}$ nTGC form factors and the new physics scales of the dimension-8 nTGC operators at the LHC and future 100 TeV $pp$ colliders. We compare our new predictions with the existing LHC measurements of CPC nTGCs in the $\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ channel and demonstrate the importance of our new method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.060 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".