Michie H et Thomas R.R. (dir.), Nineteenth-Century Geographies. The transformation of space from the Victorian age to the American century , New Brunswick & London, Rutgers University Press, 2003, 293 p., fig.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
RésuméDans le sud du Tchad, le Consortium Esso a dû verser des compensations individuelles et collectives, pour les terrains occupés et les arbres détruits par le chantier pétrolier. L’évaluation de ces compensations a alimenté de longs débats, de 1995 à 2003. Au-delà des difficultés techniques ont surgi des rapports de force entre, d’un côté, le Consortium associé à l’État tchadien et, de l’autre, les associations locales encadrées par les ONG du Nord incitatrices. Les populations ngambay sont confrontées à une double hypocrisie, celle d’un Développement Durable affiché par Esso — Banque Mondiale oblige — et celle d’ONG qui trouvent là un opportun combat environnementaliste. Trop éloignées des enjeux de cette exploitation pétrolière, les communautés villageoises «impactées» se sont attaché à capter les compensations qui semblaient à leur portée, celle des «arbres sauvages».
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.015 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".