ANALYSIS OF SPACEFLIGHT ACTIVITIES’ IMPACT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sustainable development is the current paradigm for development in the global south. Since 1976 nations of the global south have conducted space missions. This work investigates which impact on sustainable development in the global south spaceflight has. The majority of Sustainable Development Goals can be addressed with space activities, e.g. by setting up satellite infrastructures for communication, creating businesses or supporting protection of ecosystems. Short-term effects such as build-up of own industry for own satellites and infrastructure can be seen when analysing satellite numbers and mission types. The reduction in launch costs and miniaturization of satellites in the 2010s have increased satellite numbers, by improving accessibility to space technology. This led to a thriving space industry in global south nations e.g. Argentina. The continuity of the effects cannot yet be determined fully, due to the recency of most activities, even though for some nations, e.g. Brazil or Indonesia, activities have been continuous. Strategic integration of space activities into planned sustainable development could not be detected. Potential benefits were realized mostly via services and there is unused potential for technology application on Earth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".