Interleaved CLLC Converters with Dual Phase-Shift Modulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tolerances in resonant components are a common challenge in interleaved CLLC converters. These tolerances cause an unbalanced current sharing between cells, which increases the current ripple and leads to an uneven current stress on components. In this article, dual phase-shift modulation (DPSM) is applied in both cells of interleaved CLLC converters for voltage regulation and current balancing. DPSM is applied at the fixed switching frequency, making the filter and magnetic design simpler than the variable frequency modulation. In addition, the applied phase shift parameters in each cell are independent of the other cell, which provides flexibility in regulating the output voltage and current balancing at the same time. In addition, interleaved CLLC converters applying DPSM can regulate the output voltage under the light-load condition, unlike the variable frequency modulation. Finally, the advantages of applying DPSM on the interleaved CLLC converters have been validated by a 1-kW experimental setup.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".