Review on mechanical and functional properties of refractory high-entropy alloy films by magnetron sputtering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Refractory high-entropy films (RHEFs), as multi-component materials, have garnered significant attention due to their potential use in high-temperature applications. RHEFs are endowed with unique microstructural and functional properties due to the use of refractory elements. In this review, we examine the recent state of research on RHEFs deposited by the magnetron sputtering technique. The microstructure of RHEFs has been analyzed/explored and the mechanical properties as well as the main hardening mechanisms of these films are discussed. Furthermore, functional properties such as resistance to corrosion and wear, electrical and irradiation performances, and high-temperature oxidation were evaluated. RHEFs can meet market demand in the field of engineering materials. However, many challenges, such as low ductility at room temperature, remain to be overcome. This review provides an overview of the strengths and weaknesses of RHEFs produced using magnetron sputtering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".