Solution-Processed OLEDs Based on a Bipolar AIE Terpyridine Derivative as a Host
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with multiple functional components is still limited owing to their complicated design and fabrication process. A postfunctionalization strategy was exploited to develop devices derived from terpyridine derivative bipolar host 4′-(3′,4′,5′-triphenyl-[1,1′:2′,1″-terphenyl]-4-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine to overcome this limitation. The glass transition temperature was up to 176 °C, and the host was favorable for practical OLED devices. The crystallite size of the powder calculated by the modified Scherrer’s method was 102 nm. Furthermore, the ionization potential (IP PE ) of the spin-coated host on the fluorine tin oxide (FTO), which is related to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), was calculated to be 5.98 eV. Both hole and electron mobilities measured by space charge limit current (SCLC) reveal bipolar transport in the host, with a hole mobility of 1.87 × 10 –4 cm 2 V –1 s –1 and an electron mobility of 6.69 × 10 –5 cm 2 V –1 s –1 . Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomena were discussed in detail with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). In addition, a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter consisting of 10-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (DMAC-TRZ) was considered in a host–guest system. Taking into account the role of the designed and synthesized host, using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT:PSS) as a hole injection layer (HIL) for cyan OLED solution processing, the maximum luminescence, current, power, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) reached 19,986 cd m –2, 45.15 cd A –1, 32.95 lm W –1, and 22.35%, respectively, for host (70 wt %):DMAC-TRZ as an emitting layer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".