Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adolescents: Working Group Report of the First World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two related but distinct disorders of as yet unknown cause.Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic, diffuse inflammation of the rectum that frequently may extend continuously over variable lengths of more proximal colon.The inflammation is usually restricted to the mucosa and submucosa.Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, idiopathic, transmural inflammation that can affect one or several segments of the digestive tract.The predominant sites of disease are the terminal ileum, colon, and perianal region.The inflammation is often focal with involved areas adjacent to normal areas (skip lesions).In most cases, these two conditions can be distinguished after clinical, endoscopic, histopathologic, and radiologic examinations.The term indeterminate colitis is reserved for cases of colitis in which findings are not sufficient to allow differentiation between Crohn's colitis and UC.Whether these entities represent different disease processes with related phenotypic expressions or a single disease entity with variable phenotypic expression remains to be determined.The first description of UC dates from 1859.The landmark paper by Crohn et al describing a series of patients including a 17-year-old boy dates to 1932, but patients with chronic ileitis had been previously described.The symptoms of IBD are protean, but commonly include intestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, poor appetite, and weight loss, and at times a wide range of extraintestinal manifestations including fever, arthritis, skin rashes, renal calculi, and hepatobiliary disease, all of which are not significantly different from adults.There are, however, distinct differences in pediatric IBD compared with adult disease, particularly in its impact on growth and its potential to delay puberty.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".