Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter investigates the interaction between China, under the guidance of the principle of ‘ecological civilization’, and international environmental law through case studies on two selected issue areas that are at the forefront of future international environmental lawmaking: biodiversity conservation and global ocean governance. The chapter first examines China’s legal efforts on biodiversity conservation. Given that China hosted for the first time the Convention on Biological Diversity’s 15th Conference of the Parties in 2021 and 2022, the chapter pays particular attention to China’s role in the negotiation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework – ‘a new global biodiversity framework to guide actions worldwide through 2030, in order to preserve and protect nature and its essential services to people’. The chapter then focusses on China’s participation in two of the latest negotiations of global ocean governance – biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) and the Mining Code in the deep seabed. It concludes with some suggestions regarding how China could possibly act towards a desirable future for a thriving planet for nature and human beings.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".