P0150 PP EFFECT OF COMMENSAL BACTERIA ON PROGLUCAGON EXPRESSION AND INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY IN THE GNOTOBIOTIC PIG
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Bacterial colonization of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract is believed to be important in mediating gut adaptation in infant and animal models. To determine whether certain strains of bacteria differently affect mucosal growth and the expression of key gut trophic hormones, such as the glucagon-like peptides, 16 piglets were obtained via Caesarian section and aseptically allocated into four gnotobiotic isolators in two separate experiments. Methods: In each experiment, one isolator was maintained germ-free (GF), and piglets in remaining isolators were orally inoculated with either a non-pathogenic Escherichia coli (EC), Lactobacillus fermentum (LF), or with fresh adult porcine feces and LF and EC inoculants (CV). On day 13, SI samples were collected at 5 locations corresponding to 5, 25, 50, 75 and 95% of length beginning at the pyloric sphincter. Culture of cecal contents confirmed mono-association by E. coli and Lactobacillus sp. No bacteria were cultured from cecal contents of GF pigs in experiment 1 (Exp. 1), however, bacterial contamination of GF pigs with a Staphylococcus sp. (ST) was observed in experiment 2 (Exp. 2). Using real-time PCR, expression of proglucagon was determined relative to porcine glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase. Villus height:crypt depth (V:C) ratios were calculated from the mean of ten measurements per SI section. Abundance of an apoptosis enzyme, active caspase-3 (17 kDa), was measured by Western blot assay using band intensity. Results: Fold change (CV=1) in proglucagon expression differed(P <0.05) among treatments and was 1.0ab, 1.6a, 0.7b, 1.0ab (Exp. 1) and 4.0a, 2.0b, 0.6c, 1.0c (Exp. 2) for GF/ST, LF, EC and CV groups, respectively. V:C ratios were lower along the entire SI in CV and intermediate in EC pigs, with marked differences observed in mid to distal locations.. At 25% of SI length, V:C ratio was 3.3a, 3.5a, 3.3a, 2.4b (Exp 1) and 3.7ab, 4.0a, 2.7ab, 2.0b (Exp 2) for GF/ST, LF, EC and CV pigs, respectively. At 75% of SI length, V:C ratio was 7.8a, 9.9a, 7.0a, 2.3b (Exp 1) and 11.0b, 15.2a, 8.2b, 1.7c (Exp 2) for GF/ST, LF, EC and CV pigs, respectively. Active caspase-3 protein abundance was similar across treatment groups at 25% of SI length. At 75% of SI length, active caspase-3 protein was easily detectable in CV pigs in experiments 1 and 2, faintly detectable in EC pigs in experiment 2 and undetectable in all other groups. Conclusion: Intestinal microbiota differentially affected pro-glucagon gene expression, epithelial replacement rate as indicated by V:C ratios and active caspase-3 protein abundance. Thus, the composition of commensal microbiota may play a significant regulatory role in intestinal development in the neonate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".