Tri-reforming of CH<sub>4</sub> over a Thermally Stable and Carbon-Resistant Nanonickel Metal Catalyst Dispersed on Mesoporous-Zirconia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel nanonickel metal catalyst dispersed on mesoporous-zirconia is developed for the controlled production of the synthesis gas with an H 2 /CO molar ratio of 1.5–2 via the tri-reforming of methane (TRM). The catalysts were tested in a fixed-bed reactor at 600–850 °C and 1 atm. At the optimum feed (CH 4 /CO 2 /O 2 /H 2 O/N 2 ) ratio of 1:0.5:0.1:0.0125:1, the maximum CO 2 and CH 4 conversion was ∼28 and ∼86%, respectively, over the 5 wt % Ni/ZrO 2 . At this condition, the syngas with an H 2 /CO ratio of ∼1.5 was achieved at a lower reaction temperature of 700 °C. The superior activity of this catalyst was due to the presence of highly dispersed and reduced nickel particles over the combined tetragonal and monoclinic phases of mesoporous ZrO 2 . The basic strength of the catalyst, the nickel particle size, and metal dispersion played vital roles in controlling the TRM activity as well as the H 2 /CO ratio. The time-on-stream study and the used catalyst characterization results established that the nanosized nickel metal particles dispersed on mesoporous zirconia were thermally stable and coke-resistant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".