Multistable states in a predator–prey model with generalized Holling type III functional response and a strong Allee effect
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we present a complete parametric analysis on a nonlinear predator–prey system with the generalized Holling type III functional response and a strong Allee effect . We apply the hierarchical parametric analysis to derive explicit conditions for the existence and stability of equilibrium solutions in a 5-dimensional parameter space. Specifically, a detailed study on Hopf bifurcation is given to show bifurcation of multiple limit cycles, and complex dynamics of multistable states including bistable , tristable and tetrastable phenomena. We also conduct simulations and provide a biological interpretation of the multistable states under various conditions. • A predator–prey generalized Holling type III functional response and a strong Allee effect is investigated. • The hierarchical parametric analysis is applied to study the existence and stability of equilibrium solutions in a 5-dimensional parameter space. • A detailed study on Hopf bifurcation is given to show bifurcation of multiple limit cycles. • Complex dynamics of multistable states including bistable, tristable and tetrastable phenomena are explored.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it