The Effect of Availability of Foreign Exchange and Devaluation of Birr on the Performance of Companies in Ethiopia (Instance of Sample Company)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When a country devalues its currency, some firms and countries generally benefit from any resulting changes in relative prices, while other firms and countries are relatively unaffected or suffer a loss in competitiveness. By taking a sample of import and export firms, this study assessed the effect availability of foreign currency and devaluation of birr on performance of firms in Ethiopia in general. More specifically it intended to assess the main challenges to access foreign currencies, assess the effects of foreign currency shortage on import/export firms, assess the effects of devaluation of Birr on import/export firms and assess company-specific factors. The study used both primary (collected through questionnaire) and secondary data collected from financial statements of the companies. This study applies both the descriptive and inferential analysis. After detail analysis, the increase in private driven business, Informal channels of inflow of foreign currency, increased population and Corruption will worsen appropriate use of forex and aggravate challenges of shortage of forex. And also it is found that the foreign currency shortage has affected the firms in many ways such as profit loss, lay off employees and discourages new investment. On the other hand devaluation of birr against the foreign currencies makes Ethiopian commodities to be competitive in international markets. And it can also attract new investments and export.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".