Bibliographic record
Abstract
Peter Lombard's major work, the four books of the Sentences, was written in the mid-twelfth century and, as early as the 1160s, the text was glossed and commented on in the schools.There is hardly a theologian of note throughout the rest of the Middle Ages who did not write a commentary on the Sentences.Yet in spite of its importance in Western intellectual history and its capacity to excite many generations of students and teachers, the Sentences has received little attention in more recent times.Indeed, it has been called "one of the least read of the world's great books."This volume makes available for the first time in English a full translation of Book 3 of the Sentences, which deals with the mystery of the Word made flesh: Christ's incarnation, passion, and death, the consequent restoration of humankind, and the virtues to be practised in imitation of Christ.Book 3 is divided into forty Distinctions.The first twenty-two are devoted to Christ's incarnation and his redemptive work, with the first fourteen of these focussing on Christ as God and man and the final seven turning to Christ's suffering and its redemptive role.With the question of whether Christ had the virtues of faith, hope, and charity, a transition is made, in Distinction 23, from Christology to a consideration of the virtues; these belong in this Book principally because the Christian is called to live them in imitation of Christ, who embodies all of them perfectly.And so the theological virtues are discussed in Distinctions 23-32 and the cardinal ones in Distinction 33; the gifts of the Holy Spirit, which Peter also considers as virtues, are presented in Distinctions 34 and 35.Distinction 36 concludes the treatment of the virtues with the assertion that they are interconnected by charity.The last four Distinctions outline the Decalogue in the context of the two commandments given by Christ regarding the love of God and neighbour; the Book closes by asserting the superiority of the Gospel over the Law of the Old Testament.The volume contains an introduction to Book 3, a list of the major chapter headings, and a bibliography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.801 | 0.623 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".