Bibliographic record
Abstract
As World War II approached, the mobility of Japanese immigrant fishers gave rise to ever more strident allegations of smuggling and spying in both Canada and the US. Along the Alaska coast, reported intrusions into US waters by Japanese fishing vessels were depicted as the vanguard of a coming invasion. The growing pressure Japan brought to bear along the North Pacific coast, reflected in ongoing disputes over oceangoing fisheries and the pelagic sealing industry, combined with Japan’s resentment of the race-based exclusion and unequal treatment of Japanese immigrants by both the United States and Canada, heightened tensions among all three nations. Canada and the United States forcibly removed people of Japanese ancestry from the Pacific coast and interned or incarcerated them during World War II. Alaska Natives with a Japanese forebear were among those forcibly uprooted. Chapter 5 also addresses the forced relocation of the Aleut by the US government, as well as that of the Aleut taken prisoner by the Japanese Imperial Army during the Aleutian campaign and taken to Japan. Japanese Canadians were forced to choose between moving east or being repatriated or expatriated to Japan and were not permitted to return to the B.C. coast until 1949.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".