Fabrication and mechanical characterization of highly preferentially oriented montmorillonite thin films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental protocol developed to prepare highly preferentially oriented montmorillonite thin films, and then to probe with nanoindentation their intrinsic mechanical properties (e.g., Young’s modulus and hardness). Such highly parallel oriented clay thin films were prepared by dispersing varying amounts of montmorillonite powder (e.g., 1–4 g) in deionized water, followed by drying onto silicon wafers. Results indicate that the thin films possess a laminated fabric with a prominent preferred orientation along the basal (00 l) plane. Depth-dependent Young’s modulus and hardness were also observed consistently across different specimens. Specifically, Young’s modulus and hardness of 4.33 and 0.19 GPa, respectively are found at the indentation depth of 100 nm, equivalent to montmorillonite tactoids consisting of ∼80 layers of montmorillonite platelets, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".