Semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) integrated on a silicon photonic chip using photonic wire bonds (PWBs)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate near-C-band semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) integrated on silicon photonic chips using photonic wire bonds (PWBs). PWBs are three-dimensional, nano-printed, freeform, polymer waveguides which provide efficient coupling between optical components. The SOAs used in this work were 975μm long and 400μm wide, with a 1.54μm wide, 1.9μm thick active region. Measurements on a connectorized SOA are presented, showing a peak on-chip gain of 10.6dB at 1510nm when applying a 150mA bias current to it (here we have not calibrated out the coupling losses at the two SOI-waveguide/PWB interfaces nor have we calibrated out the losses at the two PWB/SOA interfaces, indicating that the gain of the SOA is significantly higher than the measured 10.6dB). The PWB connectorized SOA has a wavelength-dependent gain which was measured from 1480nm to 1555nm, the peak gain being obtained at 1510nm. In addition, the gain depends on the bias current applied, increasing with higher bias currents but saturating when the bias current exceeds 150mA. The PWB-connectorized SOA is also sensitive to the power of the input signal, the gain was larger for lower input powers (i.e., for powers below about -4.9dBm). Varying the polarization state of the input to our PWB-connectorized SOA changed the measured gain by 5.85dB.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".