CAR T Cell On-Target, Off-Tumor Toxicity in Solid Tumor Treatment: Generation and Management
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CAR-T cells involve incorporating T cells with a synthetic receptor to target tumor-specific molecules and this therapy enhances the patients’ own immune system to combat tumors. CAR-T cells are successful to elicit an enduring response to hematological malignancies but remains unsatisfactory during their application in solid tumors. Mostly, OTOT is a main safety concern during trials of CAR-T cells, which has led to destruction of healthy tissues and their normal functions, potentially threatening the patients’ life if damage were done on essential organs. OTOT arises from the CAR-T activation upon normal cells due to presence of tumor-like molecules on their surfaces, accompanied by potential cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which further lyses normal tissues. In this review, the structure and mechanisms of CAR-T cells will be described. More importantly, we will discuss the OTOT generation in CAR-T trials targeting solid tumors and available methods to mitigate this problem for advancing CAR-T application.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".