Strain-hardening effect on the flexural behavior of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete beams with steel rebars
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of volume fraction, aspect ratio, and shape of steel fibers on the mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) and the structural behavior of reinforced (R-) UHPFRC beams. The tensile strength and energy absorption capacity of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) are improved by adding steel fibers and increasing its volume contents by up to 3.0 %. Compared with short straight steel fiber, medium-length straight and twisted fibers at a volume fraction of 2.0 % result in twice higher energy absorption capacity and higher flexural strength of R–UHPFRC beams. The flexural strength of R–UHPC beams increases by increasing the fiber content up to 3.0 %. However, the strain-hardening characteristics of UHPFRC negatively influence the cracking behavior and stress redistribution in structural beams, causing 48.2–54.1 % lower ultimate ductility indices. The small amounts of steel fibers with volume fraction of ≤1.0 % that exhibit strain-softening behavior only improve the peak ductility.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it