Model Investigation of the Performance of SI ICE Fueled by Gasoline, Methane, Hydrogen and SOFC Anode Off-Gas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper presents a simple 1- D model of a single cylinder spark-ignited internal combustion engine (SI ICE) created by means of the software product Ricardo WaveBuild. The model is applied for the combustion of the anode off-gas (AOG) emitted from a pre-defined solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) that is modelled in a previous study by the same authors. The selected cell is an intermediate-temperature, anode-supported, planar cell with internal reforming of 100% methane fuel. Firstly, the geometrical and operating parameters of the cell and the engine, as well as the composition of the AOG, are presented. Then the resultant chemicals in the AOG are modelled as a synthetic fuel mixture in Ricardo WaveBuild. Finally, analysis of the performance of the modeled engine with four fuels (gasoline, methane, hydrogen and AOG synthetic fuel) is conducted. The engine model assumptions as well as the SOFC-ICE system integration for a cogeneration combined cycle, are also briefly discussed in the paper.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".