Dune Geometry and the Associated Hydraulic Roughness in the Fluvial to Tidal Transition Zone of the Fraser River at Low River Flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In deltas and estuaries throughout the world, a fluvial‐to‐tidal transition zone (FTTZ) exists where both the river discharge and the tidal motion drive the flow. It is unclear how dune characteristics are impacted by changes in tidal flow strength, and how this is reflected in the hydraulic roughness. To understand dune geometry and variability in the FTTZ and possible impacts on hydraulic roughness, we assess dune variability from multibeam bathymetric surveys, and we use a calibrated 2D hydrodynamic model (Delft3D‐FM) of a sand‐bedded lowland river (Fraser River, Canada). We focus on a period of low river discharge during which tidal impact is strong. We find that the fluvial‐tidal to tidal regime change is not directly reflected in dune height, but local patterns of increasing and decreasing dune height are present. The fluvial‐to‐tidal regime change is reflected in dune shape, where dunes have lower leeside angles and are more symmetrical in the tidal regime. The calibrated model allows to estimate local patterns of dune heights using tidally averaged values of bed shear stress. However, the spatially variable dune morphology hampers local dune height estimation. Changes in dune shape do not significantly impact the reach‐scale roughness, and estimated dune roughness using dune height and length is similar to the dune roughness inferred from model calibration. Hydraulic model performance with a calibrated, constant roughness is not improved by implementing dune‐derived bed roughness. Instead, the data analysis revealed that large‐scale river morphology may explain differences in model roughness and corresponding estimates from dune predictors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".