Dynamical Classifications of Multi-opposition TNOs as of 2023 December
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report the dynamical classifications of 3357 observed outer solar system objects listed as transneptunian objects (TNOs) or Centaurs by the Minor Planet Center. We use the Gladman et al. classification scheme to identify 28 Jupiter-coupled objects (all secure), 168 Centaurs (all secure), 234 scattering TNOs (70 secure/164 insecure), 204 detached TNOs (118 secure/86 insecure), 1650 classical TNOs (1494 secure/156 insecure), and 1073 resonant TNOs (907 secure, 166 insecure). Among the resonant TNOs, the most observationally populated resonance is the close-in 3:2 MMR with 452 objects, followed by the 2:1 with 105 objects, the 7:4 with 103 objects, the 5:3 with 68 objects, and the 5:2 with 56 objects. We discuss a few notable objects here, but all classifications and plots of the 10 Myr integrations are available in a linked GitHub repository.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".