Timing of pregnancy, lactation, and female foraging activity in three species of bats in southern Illinois
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Timing of pregnancy, lactation, and female foraging activity in three species of bats in southern Illinois.Canadian Field-Naturalist 115(3): 420-424.Pregnant Northern Long-eared Bats (Myotis septentrionalis), Red Bats (Lasiurus borealis), and Eastern Pipistrelles (Pipistrellus subflavus) were taken beginning in mid-May in southern Illinois.For Northern Long-eared and Red Bats, pregnant individuals were caught during a two-week period until early June.Pregnancy and lactation in Northern Longeared and Red Bats were fairly synchronized; both species apparently limited their foraging activity during a one-week period possibly near and immediately after parturition.Pregnancy in Eastern Pipistrelles was much less synchronized.Capture of pregnant females extended over at least an eight-week period from mid-May to mid-July.Volant juvenile Northern Long-eared Bats were taken three weeks earlier than any other species; either parturition was earlier or young developed more rapidly.Pregnant Northern Long-eared Bats foraged primarily in the early evening; early and late activity periods were evident for lactating individuals.Foraging trends for pregnant and lactating Red Bats and Eastern Pipistrelles were less apparent.Significant differences in body mass of Northern Long-eared Bats and Eastern Pipistrelles were evident based on reproductive status.No differences in body mass associated with reproductive condition were found in female Red Bats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".