Deep reinforcement learning based rate enhancement scheme for RIS assisted mobile users underlaying UAV
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The fifth generation (5G) network enabled communication between devices has emerged as a state-of-the-art technology. In the era of proliferating smart devices and intelligent wireless communication networks, Reflecting Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) and Unpiloted Air Vehicles (UAV) duplet has turn out to be a trustworthy, lucrative and handy solution for various appearing real world communication issues. This article pitches into the downlink UAV communication empowered by RIS, where UAV communicates with Mobile Instruments (MI) via RIS patches installed at a tall tower. Considering the attributes like transmitted power and UAV trajectory, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based approach is recommended to maximize the overall Sum-rate. In present scenario, DRL technology has popped up as a commanding tool that allows a network to regulate itself in order to deliver optimum solution. In this article, we have proposed a novel viewpoint evolved from Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (D-DPG) Algorithm specifically Shared Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (SD-DPG) algorithm for downlink UAV-MI power allocation and trajectory optimization problem. Numerical outcomes manifest that our model, concerned to maximizing sum-rate, outperformed other DRL based method DD-DPG by at least 30% and D-DPG by approximately 3 folds together with optimizing power, phase-shift and UAV trajectory.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".