Competitive CO <sub>2</sub> /H <sub>2</sub> O Adsorption on CALF-20
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Equilibrium and breakthrough studies of H 2 O adsorption and the competition of CO 2 /H 2 O on a physisorbent metal–organic framework (MOF) CALF-20, commercialized for CO 2 capture from cement plants, are reported. Volumetric measurements and thermogravimetry were used to measure the water isotherm at various temperatures and relative humidity (RH) values. A cubic-Langmuir model was used to describe the water isotherms at different temperatures. Both adsorption and desorption dynamic column breakthrough experiments were performed at different RH values to examine different transitions in the isotherm. To quantify the competitive adsorption of CO 2 and H 2 O, both thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic column breakthrough techniques were required. A wide range of relative humidity (RH) values were considered, i.e., 10–90% RH. CALF-20 showed that high CO 2 loadings for RH were smaller than 47%, showing its exceptional capacity to be deployed for CO 2 capture from industrial flue gas. Beyond 70% RH, water was strongly adsorbed, resulting in a significant loss of CO 2 capacity. In the presence of CO 2, CALF-20 showed a unique phenomenon where water adsorption was suppressed, making it more favorable for practical applications. The modified Langmuir isotherm model was used to describe the competitive CO 2 loading as a function of water loading and temperature. A one-dimensional column model simulates the water dynamic column breakthrough and competitive CO 2 /H 2 O breakthroughs. Both concentration profiles and temperature histories agreed with the experimental results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".