RECONSTRUCTION OF THE MULTIELEMENT APPARATUS OF THE CONODONT <em>GLADIGONDOLELLA TETHYDIS</em> (HUCKRIEDE) USING MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; IMPLICATIONS FOR TAXONOMY, STRATIGRAPHY, AND EVOLUTION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The multielement apparatus of the Spathian (late Early Triassic) to Carnian (early Late Triassic) conodont Gladigondolella tethydis (Huckriede, 1958) is reconstructed here using multivariate statistical analysis to determine the co-occurrence of elements previously assigned to the Gl. tethydis apparatus by other authors. Disagreements on the apparatus composition of Gl. tethydis have focussed around whether or not the species contained two pairs of P2 elements, or only one pair. Some reconstructions consider elements referred to Cratognathodus as belonging to the multielement apparatus of Gladigondolella, whereas other workers consider these elements to belong to their own multielement apparatus. In the absence of fused clusters or bedding plane assemblages, multivariate statistical analysis of isolated elements provides the best method for constraining apparatus composition. Examination of collections from the Anisian (early Middle Triassic) of China and Romania, together with published occurrences from the Anisian and Carnian from around the world, has allowed the development of a database for both abundance and presence/absence of elements assigned to the Gladigondolella tethydis apparatus. Bray-Curtis indices for abundance data and Jaccard indices for presence/absence data both demonstrate that Cratognathodus elements occur as frequently with other elements belonging to the Gladigondolella tethydis apparatus as those elements do with each other. This lends support to the hypothesis that Cratognathodus elements also belong to the Gladigondolella tethydis apparatus. Therefore, the Gladigondolella tethydis apparatus proposed herein consists of the following elements: Gladigondolella tethydis (P1); Cratognathodus sp. (P2a): Ozarkodina saginata (Huckriede, 1958) (P2b); Roundya lautissima (Huckriede, 1958) (S0); Lonchodina spengleri (Huckriede, 1958) (S1); an enantiognathid element (S2); Hindeodella petrae-viridis (Huckriede, 1958) (S3); Hindeodella multihamata (Huckriede, 1958) (S4); and Lonchodina venusta (Huckriede, 1958) (M). Several of the elements assigned to the apparatus exhibit morphological variability, including the P1 element of Gladigondolella tethydis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".