Alkene-Coordinated Palladium(0) Cross-Coupling Precatalysts: Comparing Oxidative Addition and Catalytic Reactivity for Dimethyl Fumarate and Maleic Anhydride Stabilizing Ligands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Air-stable palladium (0) precatalysts are advantageous for facilitating a variety of chemical transformations, and are desir-able precursors for high-throughput experimentation studies. We report investigations into air-stable Pd(0) precatalysts stabi-lized by dimethyl fumarate (DMFU) as an electron-deficient alkene. A Pd(0) DMFU complex with a diazabutadiene (DAB) supporting ligand readily undergoes substitution with both monodentate and bidentate phosphines to form phosphine–Pd–DMFU complexes in situ. These complexes undergo oxidative addition with ArBr substrates, and are also effective precata-lysts for Heck coupling, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, and Miyaura borylation. Catalytic comparisons of the DAB–Pd–DMFU precursor to other Pd sources reveals benefits and limitations of this system, including high activity in Heck coupling, and challenges with in situ catalyst generation
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".