A Secret Multiuser Transmission Scheme With Dual-Phase-Shifter Structure for mmWave Wireless Communication
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phased array antenna or analog beamformer is widely used in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication system for its simple structures and low costs. In this letter, we propose a new analog secret mmWave communication system with a structure of dual phase shifters, to enable directional modulation (DM) based secret multiuser communication by overcoming the constant-modulus limitation of the radio frequency (RF) branch with a single phase shifter. By adjusting the values of the two phase shifters, both the phase and the magnitude of each RF branch can vary. We propose an arbitrary polygon construction based approach to establish a linear constrained optimization problem. With different polygon constructions, a lot of different qualified transmitting weight vectors for multiuser communication can be obtained. By varying such obtained weight vectors at the symbol rate, the DM based secret multiuser communication can be achieved. Finally, simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".