Implanted Rhombus Ring Partial Inset-Fed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Monopole Antenna for WBAN Applications
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the present article, a design approach to accomplish circular polarization-based rhombus ring microstrip-fed monopole antenna working at 5.8 GHz for wireless body area network (WBAN) applications is proposed. The input impedance calculation using an electromagnetic theory of transmission line in a travelling wave coupled to the parallel-plate inductor model is conducted. Radiated electric field pattern calculation of the conventional square ring microstrip patch antenna (MSPA) using Biot and Savart’s law is reported. The circular polarization of the proposed antenna is accomplished by loading the radiating path with a capacitive element sectioned in the neighbourhood of the feed line. The proposed planar monopole antenna of volume <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><a:mn>0.38</a:mn><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>λ</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mn>0</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub><a:mo>×</a:mo><a:mn>0.38</a:mn><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>λ</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mn>0</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub><a:mo>×</a:mo><a:mn>0.029</a:mn><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>λ</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mn>0</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub></a:math> ( <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>λ</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>0</c:mn></c:mrow></c:msub></c:math> is evaluated at the resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz) achieves a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 86.20% in the band (3-8 GHz) with a stable real gain of 8.29 dBic in circular polarization at the resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz and axial ration bandwidth of about 32.75% in the (5-6.9 GHz) band. Specific absorption rate (SAR) evaluation of the studied antenna is computed numerically on a part of the human phantom model to justify its use in WBAN applications. It is noted that the maximum amount of radiation absorbed by a part of the human phantom model is limited to a maximum SAR value of 1.45 W/kg and 0.754 W/kg on 1 g and 10 g of tissue mass, respectively. The prospective design has been fabricated and tested, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation outcomes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it