Grain Refinement of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy with a Novel Aluminum-Graphite Inoculant
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Magnesium is a lightweight metal with a high strength-to-weight ratio, making it an ideal material for improving fuel efficiency. However, its poor mechanical properties necessitate the need for researchers to find ways of improving them for this material to find wider acceptance in industry. This study examines the grain refinement capabilities of an aluminum-carbon (graphite) composite in cast AZ91E magnesium alloy. With increasing carbon addition, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and ductility improved, while yield strength (YS) remained largely unchanged. The fracture mechanism also remained unchanged with increasing carbon addition, showing mixed-mode fracture in samples of highest and lowest ductility. The nucleation mechanism was determined to be duplex nucleation of Al4C3 and Al8Mn5. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the Al-C inoculant contained Al4C3 after sintering; however, most Al4C3 was formed in-situ during the melting and casting process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".