Adoption of technology enabled care to support the management of children and teenagers in rheumatology services: a protocol for a mixed-methods systematic review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 catalysed a rapid move to provide care away from the hospital using online communication platforms. Technology enabled care (TEC) continues to be an important driver in progressing future healthcare services. Due to the complex and chronic nature of conditions seen within paediatric rheumatology, TEC may lead to better outcomes. Despite some growth in published literature into the adoption of TEC in paediatric rheumatology, there is limited synthesis. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the adoption of TEC by patients in paediatric rheumatology services, to establish best practices. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This proposed mixed-methods systematic review will be conducted by searching a wide variety of healthcare databases, grey literature resources and associated charities and societies, for articles reported in English language. Data extraction will include population demographics, technology intervention, factors affecting adoption of intervention and consequent study outcomes. A parallel-results convergent synthesis design is planned, with independent syntheses of quantitative and qualitative data, followed by comparison of the findings of each synthesis using a narrative approach. Normalisation process theory will be used to identify, characterise and explain implementation factors. The quality of included articles will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool for research papers and the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance checklist for grey literature. Overall confidence in quality and strength of evidence will be assessed using the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research tool. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required due to the nature of this mixed-methods systematic review. The findings will be disseminated via a peer-reviewed journal, relevant conferences and any other methods (eg, via NHS Trust or NIHR YouTube channels) as advised by paediatric rheumatology patients. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023443058.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.162 | 0.145 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.015 | 0.018 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.015 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.070 | 0.015 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".