Late Ediacaran to Early Cambrian Breakup Sequences and Establishment of the Eastern Laurentian Passive Margin, Newfoundland, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sediment provenance studies were conducted to constrain the establishment of the eastern Laurentian or Humber passive margin in Newfoundland, Canada, and examine models for the opening of the Iapetus Ocean and Humber Seaway. Ediacaran to Cambrian Series 2 strata of the lower Labrador and Curling groups contain garnet, muscovite, and feldspar, and yield 1000–1500 Ma detrital zircon grains that reflect local derivation from Grenville Province basement rocks during regional extensional deformation. Cambrian Series 2 to early Miaolingian units of the upper Labrador and Curling groups are quartz-rich and characterized by 556–586 Ma and 1000–2700 Ma detrital zircon grains that instead reflect continental-scale drainage and transition to passive margin deposition along eastern Laurentia. The geological relationships along the Humber margin are compared with modern analogues in the Newfoundland-west Iberia rift system to propose a magma-poor rift model that includes two breakup sequences which formed in response to isostatic adjustment after the rupture of crust and mantle, respectively. Crustal breakup resulted in an Ediacaran to Cambrian Series 2 breakup sequence that was connected to hyperextension, mantle exhumation, and bimodal magmatism. Mantle breakup likely occurred >20 Myr after first mantle exhumation and resulted in a breakup sequence that is best characterized by Cambrian Series 2 to early Miaolingian strata. The mantle breakup sequence consists of regressive-transgressive cycles that record the transition from breakup to thermal subsidence and was probably driven by the separation of the Dashwoods microcontinent from eastern Laurentia and outboard opening of west Iapetus. The Humber Seaway opened between the Humber margin and Dashwoods and was at least partially underlain by exhumed continental mantle. Our scenarios support hypotheses for equivalent magma-poor rift elements elsewhere in the Caledonian-Appalachian orogen, and we predict that crustal and mantle breakup sequences are exposed in the Scotland-Ireland and Quebec-New England segments of the eastern Laurentian margin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".