Propeller–hull interaction simulation for self-propulsion with sinkage and trim
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents numerical simulations of propeller–hull interaction of a ship model for the dynamic condition, demonstrating the ability of the developed self-propulsion module in OpenFOAM. A dynamic motion class has been developed based on the sliding mesh method to simulate a rotating propeller with ship motions. A body-force method is also implemented to simulate propeller–hull interaction to reduce the computational cost of propeller modeling. Validation studies were carried out for the Japan Bulk Carrier (JBC) ship model. The bare-hull resistance, sinkage, and trim are verified against the experimental data. The propeller open-water hydrodynamic characteristics are then computed and validated using sliding mesh and body-force methods. Finally, the self-propulsion simulations are carried out for the JBC model in calm water with sinkage and trim at the design speed. Numerical predictions of the self-propulsion parameters and axial flow velocity distributions at different transverse locations are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".