Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quantitative information about halogenated hydrocarbons is important for understanding their impact on atmospheric ozone chemistry and climate change, their regulation, and the devising of improved substitutes. The Montreal Protocol aimed to regulate the utilization and manufacturing of hydrochlorofluorocarbon compounds (HCFCs), contributing to ozone layer depletion. The 2016 Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol agreement, Annex C listed 274 HCFCs. Only 16 of them have been measured experimentally. The rest were set to zero by default. These reported global warming potentials (GWPs) play a crucial role in formulating policies for gradually reducing the usage and production of HCFCs to prevent atmospheric impact. Here we are studying 1-chloro-1-fluoro-ethane (CH3CHFCl) as a test of past theory. There are no prior experimental measurements of the reactivity of CH3CHFCl with hydroxyl (OH) radicals, which primarily determines its atmospheric lifetime, nor of its infrared (IR) spectrum. Saturated hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are non-ozone depleting substitutes for chlorofluorocarbons deprecated under the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, but they exhibit high global warming potentials (GWPs) and the Kigali Amendment adopted in 2016 outlines their phase down. Unsaturated HFCs offer more reactive alternatives, whose likely short atmospheric lifetimes would imply small GWPs. Because their GWPs are smaller than those for saturated HFCs by several orders of magnitude, and especially for fully fluorinated examples, several halogenated olefins are under consideration for practical application. We studied HCF2CF2CF=CF2, cis-HCF=HCF, trans HCF=HCF, CF2=CH2 unsaturated HFCs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".