Binding FSI<sup>−</sup> to Construct a Self‐Healing SEI Film for Li‐Metal Batteries by In situ Crosslinking Vinyl Ionic Liquid
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) membrane on the Li metal anode tends to breakdown and undergo reconstruction during operation, causing Li metal batteries to experience accelerated decay. Notably, an SEI membrane with self‐healing characteristics can help considerably in stabilizing the Li‐electrolyte interface; however, uniformly fixing the repairing agent onto the anode remains a challenging task. By leveraging the noteworthy film‐forming attributes of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI − ) anions and the photopolymerization property of the vinyl group, the ionic liquid 1‐vinyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (VMI‐FSI) was crosslinked with polyethylene oxide (PEO) in this study to form a self‐healing film fixing FSI − groups as the repairing agent. When they encounter lithium metal, the FSI − groups are chemically decomposed into LiF & Li 3 N, which assist forming SEI membrane on lithium sheet and repairing SEI membrane in the cracks lacerated by lithium dendrite. Furthermore, the FSI − anions exchanged from film are electrochemically decomposed to generate inorganic salts to strengthen the SEI membrane. Benefiting from the self‐healing behavior of the film, Li/LiCoO 2 cells with the loading of 16.3 mg cm −2 exhibit the initial discharge capacities of 183.0 mAh ⋅ g −1 and are stably operated for 500 cycles with the retention rates of 81.4 % and the average coulombic efficiency of 99.97 %, operated between 3.0–4.5 V vs. Li + /Li. This study presents a new design approach for self‐healing Li metal anodes and durable lithium metal battery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".