Enhanced Biomass-Derived Glycerol Conversion to Syngas in the CO<sub>2</sub> Reforming Process: Influence of the Nickel Loading Method on Physicochemical Properties and Catalytic Performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the current study, renewable syngas production from glycerol has been investigated through a catalytic dry reforming process using the Ni/CaO·Al 2 O 3 catalyst. Calcium aluminate support has been synthesized via a one-step sol–gel technique. The active metal of Ni attached to the CaO·Al 2 O 3 is supported by wet impregnation, simultaneous sol–gel, and EDTA-assisted impregnation. Investigation of different methods’ impact on Ni species attachment onto carrier revealed that the EDTA-assisted impregnation method improves the reducibility catalytic activity (57% at 750 °C) of the catalyst in the dry reforming of glycerol (dry-RG) process. It also affects carbon formation on the catalyst surface. Besides, the impact of Ni content (5–20 wt %) in the catalyst has been evaluated. Increasing the nickel loading amount increased the active phase’s reducibility and reduced the pore size. Ni loading experiments’ results indicate that glycerol conversion improves with increasing Ni loading up to 10 wt %, impregnated by chelated Ni species [Ni (EDTA) 2– ] onto calcium aluminate support. Based on the characterization results, the impact of the nickel loading method and amount on the dry-RG reaction was discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".