Antipyretic Effects of Earthworm Extracts on Peptone-Induced Fever in Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fever, defined as a body temperature elevation exceeding 37.5℃, is a hallmark of numerous pathological conditions.Lumbricus rubellus, commonly known as the earthworm, has been implicated in the amelioration of fever, particularly in response to infection by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi.Commercially available earthwormderived formulations are purported to exert a broad-spectrum antipyretic effect, extending beyond bacterial etiologies.This investigation employed a controlled, beforeand-after experimental design to elucidate the antipyretic potential of earthworm extracts on mice subjected to peptone-induced hyperthermia.Upon verification of a peptoneinduced body temperature increase above 37.5℃ in mice, interventions were administered orally across three cohorts: a test group receiving earthworm extract suspension, a positive control group provided with paracetamol syrup, and a negative control group receiving a Na-CMC suspension.The primary outcome, alterations in body temperature, was statistically evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.The Kruskal-Wallis test, utilized for assessing variance across multiple groups, yielded a p-value of 0.000 within the test group, indicative of a significant deviation in mean body temperature post-administration of the earthworm extract.Subsequent analysis with the Mann-Whitney test, comparing the degree of temperature reduction at 60 minutes post-intervention between the earthworm extract and paracetamol syrup groups, manifested a p-value of 0.017.This result suggests a statistically significant disparity, with the most pronounced temperature decrease observed in the earthworm extract cohort, followed by the paracetamol group.The Na-CMC administered cohort displayed no significant antipyretic effect.Observational data indicate that the antipyretic effect of earthworm extract significantly induced acetaminophen in an induction hyperthermia model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".